Biodegradable vs. Compostable: What’s the Difference and Why It Matters

When it comes to sustainable packaging, the terms biodegradable and compostable are often used interchangeably, but they don’t mean the same thing. At Treetop Biopak, we believe it’s important to help our customers understand the key differences, so they can make informed choices that truly benefit the planet.

What Does "Biodegradable" Mean?

Biodegradable materials are designed to break down naturally over time with the help of microorganisms like bacteria and fungi. But here’s the catch: biodegradable doesn’t always mean eco-friendly. Many products labeled “biodegradable” can take years—or even decades—to break down, especially in landfills where oxygen and sunlight are limited.

Worse yet, some biodegradable plastics may break down into smaller pieces called microplastics. These tiny plastic particles can remain in the environment for years, polluting soil and waterways, and even entering the food chain.

Because of this ambiguity, some countries have restricted or even banned the use of the term “biodegradable” in product marketing. For example, the UK and France have introduced regulations limiting the use of the term unless strict standards are met. These measures help prevent misleading claims and greenwashing, ensuring that products genuinely benefit the environment.

In short, while biodegradable sounds green, the term is broad and often misleading without clear standards or timelines.

What Does "Compostable" Mean?

Compostable materials, on the other hand, are designed to break down fully in a composting environment, turning into nutrient-rich compost within a set period—usually within 90 to 180 days under the right conditions.

The key point is that compostable materials completely decompose without leaving any toxic residue or microplastics behind. They break down into water, carbon dioxide, and organic matter, which can safely enrich the soil.

At Treetop Biopak, all of our compostable packaging products meet certified compostability standards, such as EN13432 or ASTM D6400. This means you can trust that our materials will break down cleanly and responsibly.

Why Compostable is the Better Choice

For businesses looking to reduce their environmental footprint, compostable packaging offers a clear advantage. Here’s why:

• No Microplastics: Unlike some biodegradable plastics, compostable materials break down fully without leaving behind harmful residues.

• Faster Breakdown: Certified compostable materials decompose much faster than traditional biodegradable products, often within 3–6 months.

• Soil Enrichment: Compostable materials turn into natural compost, which supports healthier soil and reduces the need for chemical fertilisers.

How to Tell the Difference

Look for certified compostable logos such as the Seedling logo (EN13432) or BPI certification (North America). These certifications ensure that the product has been tested to break down completely under industrial composting conditions.

Beware of vague claims like “eco-friendly” or “biodegradable” without clear standards. If a product is labeled as biodegradable but not compostable, it may still contain plastic components or take many years to degrade.

Final Thoughts

At Treetop Biopak, we specialise in truly compostable packaging that helps brands reduce plastic waste and meet sustainability goals. Whether you’re in foodservice, retail, or e-commerce, switching to compostable materials is a simple yet powerful way to show your commitment to the environment.

Compostable is not just biodegradable—it’s the right choice. No microplastics. No greenwashing. Just clean, responsible packaging.